| Abstract Title: | Monitoring EfW emissions ... real-world case studies |
| Presenter Name: | Mr Ken Roberts |
| Company/Organisation: | Gasmet Technologies |
| Country: | United Kingdom |
Abstract Information :
This presentation will discuss the emissions monitoring requirements of three different organisations in the Energy from Waste (EfW) sector, and explain how the latest monitoring solutions have been developed to meet the needs of different stakeholders.
EfW plants recover energy from waste to produce electricity and/or heat. Their purpose is not to compete with waste recycling, reuse and prevention, but to complement them, by removing waste from less environmentally sound disposal routes, such as landfill.
EfW plants usually employ one of three technologies: direct combustion, pyrolysis or gasification. Irrespective of the technique employed, emissions monitoring is required to demonstrate regulatory compliance. All waste burning plants have to meet at least the emissions limit, monitoring, waste reception and treatment standards brought in under the Waste Incineration Directive (2000/76/EC), which has been recast into the Industrial Emissions Directive (2010/75/EU). However, these requirements vary according to the processing capacity of the plant and the type of waste being treated. Local conditions may also result in additional requirements being specified on the environmental permit.
In May 2017, the first draft of the new waste incineration best available techniques (BAT) reference document (WI BREF) was released by the European IPPC Bureau. BAT is to monitor emissions to air with at least the frequency specified and in accordance with EN standards. Continuous monitoring is prescribed in the draft WI BREF for NOx, NH3, CO, SO2, HCl. HF, Dust, Hg, and TVOC. This presentation will provide an update on the working draft, which specifies legally binding BAT-associated emission limit values.
In the first case study, a continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) has been installed to monitor a range of gases and particulates at a small-scale thermal treatment plant, burning Grade C wood waste with a throughput of around 10,000 tonnes per annum, operating for up to 8,000 hours per year.
In the second case study, relatively low quantities of waste wood, bone meal, clinical waste and other hazardous waste are being treated to produce syngas, and a CEMS has been installed to provide post-combustion regulatory emissions monitoring.
In the final case study, the emissions monitoring requirements of a technology provider will be discussed. The operator has developed an incineration process that is deployed in a demonstration plant, and a CEMS is being used to monitor the effects of changes to the plant and fuel type, whilst also demonstrating regulatory compliance.
